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New Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine


  • Date:   Sat, 20 May 2006 13:06:46 -0700
  • To:  sthc-l@lists.ucla.edu
  • From:   Dr. Daphne Christie   < d.christie AT ucl.ac.uk >
  • Subject:   New Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine
  • Message-ID:   NFBBLIOFBAJMKFDLEGILKEGKIAAA.d.christie@ucl.ac.uk

Dear Sir/Madam

I would be grateful if you would post the message below to all 
the people currently subscribed to the list.

Regards

Daphne Christie

************************************************************************************
New Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine 

"This is oral history at its best--all the volumes make compulsive reading--they are,
primarily, important historical records". British Medical Journal (2002) 325: 1119

"These witness seminars fill a gap between published scientific papers and personal
accounts, adding a valuable collective oral source to the historical record".
Medical History (2006) 50: 257?9

In line with the Wellcome Trust policy of open access to the published 
output of research, all 27 volumes of Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century 
Medicine are now freely available to download at www.ucl.ac.uk/histmed. 

These edited and annotated transcripts of meetings cover major topics in recent 
bio-medical science, including monoclonal antibodies, NMR and MRI, heart transplant 
surgery in the UK, haemophilia, postwar medicine in Africa, childhood asthma, 
leukaemia, several MRC research units, genetic testing, obstetric ultrasound, 
maternal care, prenatal corticosteroids, pain, platelets and short-course 
chemotherapy for TB.

The two most recent published transcripts are Public health in the 1980s and 
1990s: Decline and rise? (vol. 26, ISBN 0854741067) and Cholesterol, Atherosclerosis 
and Coronary Disease in the UK, 1950?2000 (vol. 27, ISBN 0854741075) and are freely 
available to download at www.ucl.ac.uk/histmed following the links to 
Publications/Wellcome Witnesses, and can be ordered from good booksellers.

The 1974 reorganization of the National Health Service was largely seen as a 
disaster for the public health profession. The post of Medical Officer of Health, 
with its links to local government, was replaced by the community physician, 
located within health services. The technician?manager rather than the 
activist role predominated: community medicine doctors carried little weight 
by comparison with their clinical colleagues. Chaired by Professor Virginia 
Berridge this Witness Seminar examined the decline and rise of 'public health' 
both nationally and internationally in the 1980s and 1990s: the impact of the 
1988 Acheson Report on public health medicine on a demoralized profession; the 
role of new ideas about health promotion imported from the international scene; 
the rise of evidence-based medicine and health services research, and their 
impact on public health; and the movement for multidisciplinary public health 
(MDPH) as a new avenue for public health from the 1990s. 

Contributors include Professor Sir Donald Acheson, Professor John Ashton, 
Professor Nick Black, Professor David Blane, Dr Tim Carter, Sir Iain Chalmers, 
Dr Aileen Clarke, Dr June Crown, Dr Jeff French, Professor Alan Glynn, Ms 
Shirley Goodwin, Professor Rod Griffiths, Professor Walter Holland, Professor 
Klim McPherson, Dr Ornella Moscucci, Dr Geoffrey Rivett, Professor Alwyn 
Smith and Professor Ann Taket.

Cholesterol began to be accepted after the Second World War as a significant 
cause of atherosclerosis and associated conditions such as coronary heart 
disease (CHD). This Witness Seminar, chaired by Professor Michael Oliver, 
included a discussion of the basic research on cholesterol. 

Early epidemiological studies demonstrated the relationship between excess 
saturated fat consumption and elevated levels of cholesterol, although 
cholesterol alone did not explain all population differences. Work on 
lipoprotein metabolism pointed to hypercholesterolaemia as one of, if not 
the major, risk factors for CHD, culminating in the development of 
cholesterol-lowering drugs, particularly the successful statins, available 
in the UK from the 1980s, and confirmed by randomized controlled trials. 

The role of diet in heart disease had always been controversial in the UK, 
and although extreme diets could reduce cholesterol, patient conformity 
remains difficult. Later, recommended limits on the composition of dietary 
fat were agreed, assisted by the food industry?s introduction of functional 
foods such as cholesterol-lowering margarine. An introduction by Dr Nick 
Myant and appendices, on the diet?heart hypothesis by Professor Gerry Shaper 
and the development of lovastatin by Dr Jonathan Tobert, compliment the 
transcript.

Contributors include Professor David Barker, Professor John Betteridge, 
Professor Gustav Born, Professor Richard Bruckdorfer, Professor George 
Davey Smith, Professor Paul Durrington, Professor David Galton, Dr Arthur 
Hollman, Professor Steve Humphries Professor Gordon Lowe, Professor Vincent 
Marks, Dr Paul Miller, Professor Jerry Morris, Professor Chris Packard, 
Professor Stuart Pocock, Professor Kalevi Pyörälä, Professor Thomas Sanders, 
Professor James Scott, Dr Elspeth Smith, Professor Anne Soutar, Professor 
Gilbert Thompson, Professor Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe, Professor Neville Woolf and 
Professor John S Yudkin.

_______________________________
Berridge V, Christie D A, Tansey E M. (eds) (2006) Public health in the 1980s 
and 1990s: Decline and rise? Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine, 
volume 26. London: The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, 
xxv, 101pp. Introduction by Virginia Berridge. Five figures, biographical notes, 
references and index. ISBN 0 85484 106 7 [Available from 15 March 2006]

Reynolds L A, Tansey E M. (eds) (2006) Cholesterol, Atherosclerosis and Coronary 
Disease in the UK, 1950?2000. Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine, 
volume 27. London: The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, 
xxv, 164pp. Introduction by Nick Myant. Two appendices, 6 figures, 2 tables, 
biographical notes, references, glossary and index. 
ISBN 0 85484 107 5 [Available from 15 May 2006]


For more information on the Witness Seminar as a form of contemporary history, 
as well as the freely available transcripts, see www.ucl.ac.uk/histmed 
following the links to Publications/Wellcome Witnesses.

*******************************************************************************************

Dr Daphne Christie
History of Twentieth Century Medicine Group
Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine
at UCL
210 Euston Road
London
NW1 2BE

Tel 020 7679 8125
Fax 020 7679 8192
Mobile 07810 541812
E-mail d.christie@ucl.ac.uk
www.ucl.ac.uk/histmed
For details of our Witness Seminars in recent medical history, follow the links to 'Publications' and 'Wellcome Witnesses' 

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